In open-pit mining, tailings dams are one of the most critical and high-risk elements of a project. These facilities store the liquid waste left over after processing minerals such as gold, silver, or copper, and they contain cyanide, heavy metals, and other hazardous compounds. A failure in impermeabilization can not only result in multimillion-dollar fines and environmental sanctions but also cause ecological disasters of severe proportions.
This is where geosynthetics and professional project management come into play. It’s not just about placing a geomembrane on the ground; every step—from design to monitoring—directly impacts the safety, stability, and operational efficiency of the tailings dam.
The Importance of the Right Geosynthetic
In tailings dams, HDPE geomembranes (high-density polyethylene) are primarily used for their impermeability and chemical resistance. However, selecting the right material depends on several factors that only expert project management can integrate:
- Type of mineral and leaching chemistry: Solutions containing cyanide require chemically resistant geomembranes, while some heavy metals may require additional geotextile layers to prevent punctures.
- Topography and hydraulic pressure: The slope of the terrain and the height of the dam determine the thickness of the geosynthetic and the need for reinforced geocomposites.
- Climatic conditions: Intense sun, strong winds, and temperature fluctuations affect durability; UV additives and tension control during installation are required.
Choosing the wrong geomembrane or installing it without technical supervision can result in leaks and structural failures.
Project Management: From Design to Installation
Effective geosynthetic installation is not improvised. Critical steps include:
- Integrated design: Civil and geotechnical engineers collaborate with geosynthetics specialists to select the right material and thickness, plan seams, and provide drainage and anchoring.
- Logistics of transport and storage: Geomembrane rolls can be up to 200 meters long and weigh several tons. Specialized transport and storage are needed to avoid damage from sun, dust, or moisture.
- Supervised installation: Every fold, welded seam, and anchor is checked. Documentation with photos and quality control reports ensures the dam meets national and international standards.
- Quality control and testing: Pressure tests, seam inspections, and geotextile coverage checks ensure the dam can withstand leaks even under extreme conditions.
- Continuous monitoring: Filtration sensors, periodic inspections, and preventive maintenance extend the life of the geomembrane and reduce the risk of failure.
Benefits of Professional Management in Tailings Dams
- Operational safety: Prevents toxic waste from leaking into soil or water.
- Long-term cost reduction: A correctly installed geomembrane lasts over 15 years; installation errors lead to multimillion-dollar repairs.
- Reputation protection: An environmental failure can affect public perception and impact ESG certifications and investor relations.
SAI: Experience That Makes the Difference
In tailings storage facilities, geosynthetics are not just materials—they are critical safety systems. Their performance depends not only on proper material selection, but on professional project management that integrates design, logistics, installation, quality control, and long-term monitoring.
At SAI, we specialize in the management and installation of geosynthetic systems for mining. We work under strict technical standards to reduce environmental risk, prevent operational failures, and extend the service life of tailings facilities.
Contact us to ensure your project is supported by geosynthetic solutions that are properly designed, installed, and verified from day one.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
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What are geosynthetics, and why are they critical in tailings dams?
Geosynthetics are synthetic materials used in engineering to waterproof, reinforce, and protect structures. In tailings dams, they prevent toxic solutions from leaking into soil and water, ensuring safety and regulatory compliance.
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Can a geomembrane be installed without technical supervision?
No. Incorrect installation can cause leaks, structural failures, and legal penalties. Every fold, seam, and anchor must be checked with documented quality control.
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What factors determine the type of geomembrane to use?
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- Chemistry of stored solutions (cyanide, heavy metals)
- Height and hydraulic pressure of the dam
- Climatic conditions and sun exposure
- Need for protective geotextiles and drainage